Flesh-Eating Bacteria Surge Along Gulf Coast, Five Dead in Louisiana

Florida, which typically reports more cases than other states, has logged 14 Vibrio vulnificus infections and two deaths so far this year. Last year the state had 33 cases and five deaths. Records show more cases in years when Florida is hit by tropical storms and hurricanes.

Some people become infected by eating raw or undercooked shellfish, especially oysters. A large share of infections occur when the bacteria enter the body through small breaks in the skin during water contact. Severe cases are more common in elderly patients, people with weakened immune systems, and those with liver disease, diabetes or certain chronic illnesses, doctors said.

Scientists say climate change is helping the bacteria spread northward. A 2023 study found the northernmost case has been shifting by about 30 miles each year, and overall case counts have been rising.

The outbreak comes at the peak of summer travel along the Gulf Coast. Oyster sales, already under seasonal scrutiny from health warnings, could face additional pressure. Restaurant chains with Gulf Coast exposure may see reduced demand, though no major companies have reported a direct impact so far.

The CDC recommends that people immediately wash cuts and scrapes with soap and clean running water after contact with coastal waters or raw seafood. Anyone developing symptoms such as fever, chills, or hot red areas that start to darken and blister should see a doctor. Officials also advise throwing away any clams, mussels or other shellfish with open shells before cooking.