
Traders face fines up to VND 50 million ($1,900) for using unlicensed crypto exchanges starting September 1 under Vietnam's new decree. The pilot limits licenses to five exchanges.
Vietnam will fine individual traders up to VND 50 million ($1,900) for buying or selling crypto on unlicensed exchanges under a new decree signed July 16. The penalties take effect September 1 and apply during the country's five-year pilot crypto market.
Decree No. 284/2026/ND-CP, signed by Deputy Prime Minister Nguyen Van Thang, creates administrative penalties for crypto asset violations. Domestic investors using platforms not licensed by the Ministry of Finance face fines of VND 30 million to VND 50 million. Trading crypto assets reserved for foreign investors carries higher penalties of VND 70 million to VND 100 million ($2,700 to $3,800).
Crypto service providers and token issuers face their own tiered fines. Firms that open accounts without proper identity checks can be fined VND 50 million to VND 70 million. Companies that run, advertise, or market crypto services without a license face VND 180 million to VND 200 million. Unauthorized collection or disclosure of account data also draws penalties. Authorities can suspend or revoke licenses, confiscate assets, and order firms to return investor funds.
The new decree replaces a draft that proposed lower caps for individual traders. The earlier version had suggested penalties of up to VND 30 million for unlicensed platform trading.
Vietnam is limiting the pilot to no more than five licensed exchanges. The government plans to assess risks before expanding the regulated market. Under the pilot framework, all crypto assets must be issued, traded, and settled in Vietnamese đồng. The rules apply to both domestic and foreign participants.
Vietnam ranks fourth globally in Chainalysis's 2025 Global Crypto Adoption Index, making it one of the most active crypto markets worldwide. The new enforcement rules add a layer of compliance risk for traders and platforms operating outside the upcoming licensed regime.
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