
U.S. imposes 50% tariffs on $20B of Canadian goods after talks collapse. Carney says Canada was 'attacked' and sets Sept. 8 for retaliation. Section 338 of Smoot-Hawley invoked.
The United States and Canada, allies along an undefended border, deepened a trade war Saturday after negotiations in Washington collapsed late Friday. The U.S. imposed 50% tariffs on $20 billion of Canadian goods. Canada set Sept. 8 as the start of its retaliatory penalties.
President Donald Trump's import taxes hit about 5% of what Canada ships to the U.S. every year – hockey sticks, tongue depressors, steel, lumber, dairy, appliances, agricultural equipment, pulp and paper, and electronics. Prime Minister Mark Carney said Ottawa would shield exposed industries with targeted tariff protection, including some steel products.
No further talks are scheduled. A loss of trust appears to be the earliest casualty.
Carney accused Washington of using "economic integration as a weapon" and said "its signature was written in pencil." He said Canada had been "attacked" by the new American tariffs. "You're at war when you get attacked," Carney said, adding that Canada had the reserves and a plan to respond.
U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said the administration had to act after a year of Canadian retaliation. "We've said enough, and so we've taken countermeasures," Greer told Fox & Friends Weekend. "Our interest is in protecting American workers and protecting American supply chains."
Carney said Canada had offered to drop remaining retaliatory tariffs on steel, aluminum and autos if the U.S. substantially lowered its own, and to encourage provinces to restore U.S. alcohol sales. He said Washington's final demands went too far. "They asked too much and offered too little," Carney said.
Greer said the Republican administration was offering to cut tariffs on steel, autos and lumber – "things that are sensitive for them" – and that Canada had always had the best deal. "They didn't want that," he said. As a result, the U.S. is moving forward with measures that respond to Canadian retaliation.
Carney said the U.S. added last-minute terms that would have reduced tariff relief for Canadian-made vehicles, restricted Canada's ability to strike trade deals with other countries, and weakened protections for language, culture and sovereignty. He called such demands unacceptable.
The breakdown reversed optimism from two days earlier, when officials sounded close to a compromise.
Ontario Premier Doug Ford praised Carney for rejecting the deal, saying it would have hurt Ontario's auto, steel and manufacturing sectors. Ford urged Canada to use "every tool in our toolbox" to fight the U.S. tariffs.
The moves cast doubt on the future of the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement, a pact crucial to industry across North America. Carney said the failed negotiations gave Canada "a new perspective" on what Washington wants from the broader relationship.
The two countries sold each other $880 billion in goods and services last year. Nearly 72% of Canada's goods exports went to the U.S.
Trump's approach marks an extraordinary departure from the traditionally cooperative relationship. He has imposed tariffs to bring manufacturing back to the U.S. and made inflammatory comments about turning Canada into America's 51st state.
Carney said Canada recognized that "America has changed" and the two countries would "not return to our old relationship."
The Canadian public is fed up. A petition to expel U.S. Ambassador Pete Hoekstra has collected nearly 248,000 signatures since July 21, accusing him of normalizing Trump's annexation talk.
Both sides still have reasons to find a compromise. The Trump administration may be wary of new tariffs – paid by U.S. importers who try to pass costs to consumers – before the November midterm elections. American voters are frustrated with the high cost of living.
"Both sides will be under immense pressure in the coming days to still find an off-ramp," said Ryan Majerus, a partner at King & Spalding and a former U.S. trade official.
Joshua Bolten, CEO of the Business Roundtable, warned the tariffs and retaliation risk "raising costs for American businesses and families" and disrupting vital supply chains. He urged both governments to resume negotiations.
Trump has made tariffs the centerpiece of his second-term economic agenda. The Supreme Court in February struck down his earlier tariff program, ruling he had overstepped his authority. The court set the stage for refunds to importers.
For Canada, the administration invoked Section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930, a rarely used Depression-era provision allowing tariffs of up to 50% against countries deemed to discriminate against U.S. businesses. The provision is part of the Smoot-Hawley tariff law, widely blamed for worsening the Great Depression. Section 338 had never been used to impose tariffs before.
The rift comes as the U.S., Mexico and Canada try to renew the USMCA. The U.S. has begun formal talks with Mexico, with Canada not yet included. The escalating trade conflict casts doubt on whether those talks will happen.
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