
Putin's new crypto law legalizes investment but bans payments. Most Russians say it's irrelevant to them, a survey shows. The real test comes July 2027.
Putin signed Federal Law No. 282-FZ on August 4, legalizing crypto as an investment vehicle while keeping the ban on using it to pay for goods or services inside Russia. Trading must go through licensed exchanges, brokers, and custodians. Unqualified retail investors face a 300,000-ruble annual cap per intermediary, and transfers above 100,000 rubles to a personal wallet trigger a 48-hour cooling-off period.
A Rambler&Co survey released the same week found that 69% of respondents see no use case for crypto even after legalization. Fifty-two percent said they do not use crypto at all. Fifty-four percent said they know almost nothing about how it works; only 6% called themselves experienced. The Bank of Russia will serve as the market's registry-keeper and supervisor.
Among the 31% who do see a personal use, 8% cited paying for purchases abroad, 6% cited long-term investment, and 4% cited business transfers. Those carve-outs match the foreign-trade settlement and investment provisions the law formalizes. The survey's top requests were honest information without profit promises (38%) and clear rules on liability (36%). Only 15% said they want crypto to fully replace traditional money.
The law passed the State Duma's second and third readings on July 21, cleared the Federation Council on July 24, and was signed August 4. Most provisions take effect September 1, 2026. Crypto exchangers have until July 1, 2027 to join the Central Bank's registry.
That July 2027 deadline will show whether usage among the minority grows once licensed intermediaries are running, or whether the literacy gap persists even with the framework live.
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