
Dubai's VARA issued a cease-and-desist order against Shelbit on July 24, one week before Reuters published its findings on the $4B crypto sanctions-evasion network.
A Reuters investigation published July 31, 2026 exposed how an unlicensed Dubai exchange called Shelbit processed at least $4 billion in cryptocurrency since May 2024 for a network tied to over 2,000 illegal gambling sites and linked to Iran's central bank and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
The exchange operated out of an office above a budget hotel in Dubai's Deira neighborhood. Its operator, Siavash Kayvanpour, is an Iranian expatriate. The gambling sites targeted Iranian users, who deposited funds through Iran's central bank payment systems. Iran bans gambling, so the sites operated outside the law for their operators while processing deposits through the official banking system.
Blockchain investigators traced roughly $676 million in identifiable transactions from Shelbit to Binance, the world's largest crypto exchange by volume. The $4 billion figure represents Shelbit's full processing volume; the $676 million is the portion analysts could pin down with on-chain evidence. The network's wallet connections extended beyond gambling revenue to wallets associated with the IRGC, which the U.S. has designated as a foreign terrorist organization.
Dubai's Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority, VARA, issued a cease-and-desist order against Shelbit on July 24, 2026, one week before the Reuters investigation went public. The order cited money-laundering concerns and the fact that Shelbit operated without a license. Kayvanpour and the principals behind the broader gambling network share a criminal conviction for illegal gambling from 2023.
Iranian social media personalities based outside Iran, including Sasha Sobhani and Pooyan Mokhtari, promoted the gambling sites to audiences in the country. Both have faced legal consequences.
The $676 million traced to Binance will generate scrutiny for the exchange. Binance has spent years rebuilding its regulatory relationships after a historic settlement with U.S. authorities in 2023. Headlines connecting its wallets to IRGC-adjacent flows complicate that effort. The U.S. Treasury is reportedly targeting Iranian regime-linked digital assets in response to these findings. Treasury designations and secondary sanctions create legal exposure for any exchange or counterparty that continues processing transactions connected to flagged wallets, even inadvertently.
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