
China launched a nuclear-capable ICBM into the South Pacific after Australia and Fiji signed a defence pact. Japan protested. The yen saw modest safe-haven buying.
China's navy launched a nuclear-capable long-range missile into international waters of the South Pacific on Tuesday, the government confirmed. The test, conducted from a submarine, targeted a designated area in the ocean. Regional governments including Australia, New Zealand, and Japan received prior notification, diplomatic sources said.
Japan's government urged China to cancel the launch and expressed grave concern over Beijing's growing military activity, a foreign ministry statement said. Australia's foreign ministry confirmed it was notified of the test within the past 24 hours. New Zealand's government also acknowledged receiving notice, according to local media reports.
The launch is China's first intercontinental ballistic missile test into the Pacific since September 2024. That earlier test was the first such launch since 1980, marking a resumption of long-range missile drills after a 44-year pause.
The test came hours after Australia and Fiji signed a new defence alliance in Suva. The pact deepens security cooperation between the two Pacific nations, covering maritime surveillance and disaster response. China's foreign ministry did not directly link the missile test to the agreement. State media framed the launch as a routine exercise.
Geopolitical analysts said the timing of the test, so close to the Australia-Fiji deal, sends a signal about China's willingness to project power in the region. The South Pacific has become a focal point of strategic competition between China and Western allies. Several island nations have signed security pacts with Beijing in recent years.
Japan's protest is unlikely to alter China's military posture, given the deterioration in bilateral relations over territorial disputes and trade friction. The two countries have held no high-level talks since early 2025.
The missile test adds to a series of Chinese military activities that have drawn international concern, including increased naval patrols near Taiwan and joint exercises with Russia. The United States has not yet commented on the launch. The Pentagon typically monitors such tests via its missile warning systems.
For markets, the event introduces a fresh geopolitical risk premium into currency pairs exposed to the Asia-Pacific region. The Japanese yen, often a safe-haven beneficiary during regional tensions, saw modest buying in early Asian trading. The move was contained. Traders said the lack of an immediate escalation kept the reaction muted.
The test is expected to be discussed at the upcoming ASEAN summit in Jakarta, where regional leaders are likely to call for restraint. No further Chinese missile tests have been announced.
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