
ARK Invest's Lorenzo Valente says three protocols now generate 80% of crypto app revenue, predicting more M&A and shutdowns as capital turns selective.
A research director at ARK Invest says crypto is in the midst of a massive market shift, with three protocols now dominating revenue generation in the space.
Three protocols now generate nearly 80% of all crypto application revenue, according to ARK Invest's Lorenzo Valente. Perpetual futures platform Hyperliquid and memecoin launchpad Pump.fun together drive roughly 67% of that total app revenue. The synthetic dollar protocol Ethena joins them to push the top trio close to 80% of the market.
Valente said capital is now flowing selectively toward projects with strong product-market fit. Teams and exchanges that lack that edge face shutdowns or acquisitions. The trend spans applications, middleware layers and layer-1 blockchains alike.
"I believe crypto is going through the biggest consolidation phase in its history, far more profound than in previous bear markets," Valente said. "The market structure has changed. Capital is much more selective, and teams and exchanges without real PMF are shutting down."
He said he expects the trend to intensify over the coming months, with more M&A, Chapter 11 filings, shutdowns and acqui-hires. He called the shift "extremely bullish for the space."
The revenue concentration at the top suggests investors are moving away from speculative projects and favoring protocols with solid fundamentals, Valente indicated. The broader pattern is visible across the crypto market analysis landscape, where liquidity and attention are consolidating around a shrinking set of names.
The consolidation marks a departure from earlier cycles where capital spread more evenly across hundreds of projects. Valente's comments echo a growing view among analysts that the current cycle rewards execution over narrative, with only the top protocols capturing the bulk of user activity and fees.
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